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The Long and Beltrami Explorations in Minnesota 100 Years Ago

Christianson, Theodore
This article focuses on Stephan Long's 1823 expedition to Minnesota, on which he brought a zoologist, a geologist, a landscape painter, an astronomer, and a topographer. The author briefly describes participation in the journey by Beltrami, an Italian lawyer and linguist. Also discusses are name origins (including those of the Redwood, Minnesota and St. Peter's rivers), the character of upper reaches of the river, and the Indian village at Big Stone Lake.

The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: To the Headwaters of the Mississippi River, Through Louisiana Territory, and in New Spain, During the Years 1805-6-7

Coues , Elliot
Originally published in 1810, these volumes present observations from Pike's military explorations into the Louisiana Purchase territory during the first decade of the nineteenth century. The first of these trips was from St. Louis up the Mississippi River to its headwaters, for the purpose of siting military posts and negotiating with Indian tribes. Although Pike traveled only a short distance up the Minnesota River from its mouth, this edition includes several extensive editorial notes on the history of the discovery of the river and the various European and Indian names for it.

Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Lake Winnepeek, Lake of the Woods, and c. performed in the year 1823

Keating, William H
First published in 1824, these two volumes report observations from the 1823 mapping expedition lead by Stephen Long, which included travel along the Minnesota River. Given Keating's official capacity on the trip as geologist, it is not surprising that his account includes great detail about geological characteristics.

Le Sueur, The Explorer of the Minnesota River

Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society
Utilizing excerpts from an account in a French manuscript entitled "History of Louisiana, by La Harpe," this article discusses Le Sueur's travels up the Minnesota River in the early eighteenth century, focusing on interactions with American Indians and on mining operations along the Blue Earth River.
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The Journals of Jonathan Carver and Related Documents, 1776-1770

Parker, John
This work presents the major manuscript sources for Jonathan Carver's Travels through the Interior Parts of North America in the Years 1766, 1767, and 1768, as well as an informative introductory essay discussing the circumstances surrounding the journey and subsequent publication of the travel book. The journals provide descriptions of the lower Minnesota River valley (vegetation, wildlife, and surrounding lands) and its native peoples.

Joseph Renville of Lac Qui Parle

Ackerman, Gertrude
This article explores the life of Joseph Renville, a fur trader at the Lac Qui Parle post who served as guide and interpreter for such explorers of the Minnesota River Valley as Zebulon Pike and Stephen Long. Topics addressed include Renville's background, his experiences with the Sioux, and his role in the War of 1812.

Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance

Upham, Warren
This volume provides information about origins of the names of various geographical entities throughout Minnesota. It includes a discussion of the naming of the Minnesota River, by Europeans and American Indian tribes, and the River Warren, the glacial river that carved the Minnesota River Valley following the last glaciation.

The Sioux Uprising of 1862

Carley, Kenneth
Examining the 1862 conflict between the Sioux Indians and white settlers in the Minnesota Valley, this work covers such issues as the causes of the uprising, specific attack s and battles, the surrender, and its aftermath. Illustrated with numerous photographs and drawings, the book also includes an extensive list sources.

Dahcotah; or Life and Legends of the Sioux Around Fort Snelling

Eastman, Mary
Written by the wife of a U.S. Army officer, this book describes various customs, activities, ceremonies, and legends of the Sioux Indians living near Fort Snelling in the 1840s. The author addresses such aspects as the role of women in the tribes, dances and feasts, village governance, medicinal practices, language, and religious beliefs. Several drawings illustrate the text.

A Neglected Cause of the Sioux Uprising

Henig , Gerald S
After discussing briefly the larger causes of the 1862 Sioux Uprising, including unfair treaties an the loss fo Sioux lands, the author goes on to explore the idea that the U.S. Civil War played a role in convincing the Sioux to rebel. He suggests that the Civil War demonstrated that the authority of the Union could be challenged and, in addition, that many of the "able-bodied" men in the valley had enlisted, leaving citizens who might be viewed as more vulnerable to attack.

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