This article focuses on Stephan Long's 1823 expedition to Minnesota, on which he brought a zoologist, a geologist, a landscape painter, an astronomer, and a topographer. The author briefly describes participation in the journey by Beltrami, an Italian lawyer and linguist. Also discusses are name origins (including those of the Redwood, Minnesota and St. Peter's rivers), the character of upper reaches of the river, and the Indian village at Big Stone Lake.