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The Journals of Jonathan Carver and Related Documents, 1776-1770

Parker, John
This work presents the major manuscript sources for Jonathan Carver's Travels through the Interior Parts of North America in the Years 1766, 1767, and 1768, as well as an informative introductory essay discussing the circumstances surrounding the journey and subsequent publication of the travel book. The journals provide descriptions of the lower Minnesota River valley (vegetation, wildlife, and surrounding lands) and its native peoples.

Joseph Renville of Lac Qui Parle

Ackerman, Gertrude
This article explores the life of Joseph Renville, a fur trader at the Lac Qui Parle post who served as guide and interpreter for such explorers of the Minnesota River Valley as Zebulon Pike and Stephen Long. Topics addressed include Renville's background, his experiences with the Sioux, and his role in the War of 1812.

The Long and Beltrami Explorations in Minnesota 100 Years Ago

Christianson, Theodore
This article focuses on Stephan Long's 1823 expedition to Minnesota, on which he brought a zoologist, a geologist, a landscape painter, an astronomer, and a topographer. The author briefly describes participation in the journey by Beltrami, an Italian lawyer and linguist. Also discusses are name origins (including those of the Redwood, Minnesota and St. Peter's rivers), the character of upper reaches of the river, and the Indian village at Big Stone Lake.

The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: To the Headwaters of the Mississippi River, Through Louisiana Territory, and in New Spain, During the Years 1805-6-7

Coues , Elliot
Originally published in 1810, these volumes present observations from Pike's military explorations into the Louisiana Purchase territory during the first decade of the nineteenth century. The first of these trips was from St. Louis up the Mississippi River to its headwaters, for the purpose of siting military posts and negotiating with Indian tribes. Although Pike traveled only a short distance up the Minnesota River from its mouth, this edition includes several extensive editorial notes on the history of the discovery of the river and the various European and Indian names for it.

Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Lake Winnepeek, Lake of the Woods, and c. performed in the year 1823

Keating, William H
First published in 1824, these two volumes report observations from the 1823 mapping expedition lead by Stephen Long, which included travel along the Minnesota River. Given Keating's official capacity on the trip as geologist, it is not surprising that his account includes great detail about geological characteristics.

Le Sueur, The Explorer of the Minnesota River

Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society
Utilizing excerpts from an account in a French manuscript entitled "History of Louisiana, by La Harpe," this article discusses Le Sueur's travels up the Minnesota River in the early eighteenth century, focusing on interactions with American Indians and on mining operations along the Blue Earth River.
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Ginseng Rush in Minnesota

Lass, William E
This article discuses the history of the ginseng "boom" that took place in Minnesota, including the lower Minnesota River Valley, in the late 1850s. the gathering of wild ginseng root for sale to markets in China was a major economic activity for the region, and helped to mitigate the impact of a financial depression following the bank failures of the Panic of 1857. Ginseng became known as the "weed that saved Minnesota." The author also describes the ginseng market following its boom period, and the shift form wild to cultivated ginseng in the early twentieth century.

Creativity, Conflict and Controversy: A History of St. Paul District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Merritt, Raymond H
This narrative history of the St. Paul District of the Army Corps of Engineers examines the role of the Corps in water-resource development and management, including the conflicts over what that role should be. A section on the Minnesota River discusses early river navigation, government river surveys, the failure of proposed dam projects, and the fight over constructions of channels to increase commercial river use. Additional issues, such as the early exploration of Minnesota, including the Minnesota River Valley, and the role of the Corps in pollution and flood control, are also discussed.

The Diary of Martin McLeod

Nute, Grace Lee
this article presents the 1836-1851 diary of Marin McLeod, a Minnesota fur trader and politician. McLeod describes his 1837 travel through the Minnesota Valley by cart and canoe and his experiences living in a cabin along the river in 1840, noting particularly the weather and the Indians at Lac Qui Parle.

Martin McLeod and the Minnesota Valley

Ritchey , Charles J
This article recounts the experiences of Martin McLeod, fur trader and politician, in the Minnesota Valley in the nineteenth century. Beginning with the 1837 trip during which McLeod almost died trying to follow the explorer Long's map, the author goes on to report McLeod's fur trading at Traverse des Sioux, Big Stone Lake, and Lac Qui Parle. Additional discussion covers McLeod's political experiences, including several terms in the territorial legislature where he sponsored the bill to change the name of the St. Peter's River back to "Minnesota."

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