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| Wetlands | |||||
| Wetlands are more than swamps or smelly bodies of water collecting trash. They are more than an inconvenience to a housing developer or a highway builder. They are habitat for many animals and plants, along with value to people as well as our natural environment. Ponds don't have to be viewed as scary, stinky, mosquito-breeding wastelands. Instead we should look at wetlands as home to frogs, ducks, fish and beaver. Deer, coyotes, and other wildlife drink from the edges, while hawks, eagles and other birds hunt from above. Frogs, sparrows, and many more animals feed on the mosquitoes. In addition we will discover eagles and bats feeding on the frogs. Entire food webs can be observed at the wetland's edge. |
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| Wetlands are valuable resources. They play varied roles critical to a balanced environment. Water contained in these wetlands moves through the ground to replenish the groundwater we all depend on, whether it is for drinking water or growing food. At the same time they help purify water by trapping silt. They also trap pollutants that wash off the ground and filter them out of the water before reaching our aquifers. Wetlands control floods by slowing down rushing water, thereby letting it spread over a broader area and flow around trees and other vegetation. Finally, wetlands provide one of the most richly populated wildlife habitats in our nation. Wetlands slow the flow of water runoff from agricultural land, allowing suspended sediments to settle out before they flow into nearby lakes or rivers. Retaining sediments on the land is useful for both the landowner and for people who live downstream. These sediments also may hold nutrients and chemicals that are deposited into the wetland basin. Wetland plants can absorb these nutrients and chemicals and fix them into organic matter that is stored in the soil for later use. Excessive levels of nutrients flowing directly into rivers and lakes reduce water quality and can cause problems like algae blooms. |
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Wetland vegetation also has the ability to remove heavy metals, pesticides, and other toxins from water. Through complex ecological processes, these wetlands can prevent contaminants from entering ground or surface water. Wetlands are often referred to as the "kidneys" of the landscape for the functions they perform in hydrologic and chemical cycles and as downstream receivers of human and natural wastes. Wetlands can provide natural flood control by storing spring run-off or high summer rainfalls. Water held in wetland basins will slowly be released over the surface, seep into the groundwater, or slowly evaporate into the air. This might not mean an immediate benefit to an owner of a wetland, it will help reduce downstream flooding. The slow release of water can also mean less damage to structures like culverts, roads and bridges. For more information on Wetlands: * MN Department of Natural Resources * MN Board of Water and Soil Resources * University of Minnesota * Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy |
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Home | The Watershed | Implementation Project | Community | Recreation | Links High Island Creek Clean Water Partnership | Sibley County, 111 8th Street, Gaylord, MN 55334 Phone 507-237-4050 | Fax 507-237-4099 |
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